Which format for which use
EAN-13 (UPC-A in North America) identifies consumer products at the till; EAN-8 and UPC-E are their short forms for small packs. ITF-14 marks outer cartons. GS1-128 carries logistics data — GTIN, batch, expiry date, serial number, SSCC of a pallet. Code 128 and Code 39 are free-form, for stock, assets and documents. Data Matrix packs a lot of data in a small square (electronics, healthcare), and PDF417 is the stacked code of ID cards and boarding passes.
Check digits and GS1 data
EAN, UPC, ITF-14 and the GTIN inside GS1-128 end with a mod 10 check digit that lets scanners catch misreads: the generator computes it or tells you which digit is expected. GS1-128 elements are checked against their Application Identifier — fixed or maximum length, digits only or the GS1 character set, YYMMDD dates — and FNC1 separators are placed only where they are needed.
Print quality
What matters to a scanner is the width of the narrowest bar (the module), the white quiet zones on each side and contrast. Sizing in millimetres keeps the module exact in SVG and PDF; the PNG uses whole pixels per module at your DPI, so bar edges stay crisp, and records that DPI so layout software places it at the right size.